Intelligence Theory

Constraint as Intelligence: Why Power That Lasts Looks Like Self-Limitation

Intelligence does not reveal itself through unlimited reach, but through learned restraint. This essay explores why constraint is the price intelligence pays to exist—across minds, moral systems, and civilizations—and why what lasts learns where not to act.

Artificial Intelligence

Recognizing AGI: Beyond Benchmarks and Toward a Three‑Axis Evaluation of Mind

How will we recognize AGI when it arrives? Benchmarks measure performance, not generality. This essay argues that general intelligence emerges as a phase transition, when availability, integration, and depth co-occur, and outlines a new framework for evaluating presence of mind.